Humanoids on the newly explored planet Brin (in a hypothetical galaxy in ~50 years from the present) have a gene structure similar to our own, but many very different plants and animals.
One species of a small birdlike animal has an extremely variable tail length, which is a highly polymorphic trait. Geneticists have come to realize that there are eight separate genes for tail length per haploid genome, with each gene having two alleles. One allele for each gene (a, b, and so on) increases the length by 1 cm, whereas the other allele (a2, b2, and so on) increases it by 0.5 cm. One bird was analyzed and found to have the following genotype:
a1a1b2b2c1c2d1d2e2e2f1f2g1g1h1h2What is the length of its tail?
A) 6 cm
B) 8 cm
C) 12 cm
D) 24 cm
E) 36 cm
Answer: C
One species of green plant, with frondlike leaves, a spine-coated stem, and purple cup-shaped flowers, is found to be self-pollinating. Which of the following is true of this species?
A) The species must be haploid.
B) Its reproduction is asexual.C) All members of the species have the same genotype.
D) Some of the seeds would have true-breeding traits.
E) All of its dominant traits are most frequent.
Answer: D
If the environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, atmosphere, sunlight, and so on, are mostly Earthlike, which of the following do you expect of its types of leaves, stems, and flowers?
A) The genes for them would have originated on Earth.
B) Genes for these traits would have a common ancestor with those from Earth.C) Such plants could be safely eaten by humans.
D) Genotypes for these traits would be identical to Earth plants with the same traits.
E) Phenotypes would be selected for or against by these environmental factors.
Answer: E
Marfan syndrome in humans is caused by an abnormality of the connective tissue protein fibrillin. Patients are usually very tall and thin, with long spindly fingers, curvature of the spine, sometimes weakened arterial walls, and sometimes ocular problems, such as lens dislocation. Which of the following would you conclude about Marfan syndrome from this information?
A) It is recessive.
B) It is dominant.C) It has a late age of onset (> 60).
D) It is pleiotropic.
E) It is epistatic.
Answer: D
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